Promo-LEX Mission for Observing the Presidential Elections and the Republican Constitutional Referendum on October 20 (November 3), 2024: Polling Stations Opening

 November 3, 2024

9:00 am

The Promo-LEX Observation Mission for the Presidential Elections and the Republican Constitutional Referendum on October 20 (November 3), 2024, notes that by 9:00 AM, the central team received a total of 141 incident reports of which 109 have been verified and are included in this release.

Methodological Aspects of Observation

On election day, the Promo-LEX Observation Mission has deployed short-term observers (STO) to a total of 614 polling stations (PS), selected based on a sample provided by a reputable sociological company.

In addition, each of the 30 polling stations designated for voters from the Transnistrian region will have a static observer assigned.

Special emphasis will be placed on polling stations located abroad, where 90 static observers have been appointed to ensure comprehensive monitoring.

Alongside the static observers, the Promo-LEX Mission has deployed 89 mobile teams to oversee the electoral process at polling stations not included in the initial sample. These mobile teams will also monitor access routes to the polling stations, including those designated for voters from the Transnistrian region.

According to the observers, of the 614 polling stations monitored at the time of opening, 62 commenced operations slightly earlier or later than the scheduled time of 7:00 AM.

Moreover, in at least 87 polling stations, the ceremonial aspects of the voting process were not upheld, as the national anthem was not played and the national flag was not displayed.

The majority of Promo-LEX observers evaluated the performance of the members of the Polling Station Electoral Bureau (PEB) during the opening process as good or very good (98.9%).

Requests for mobile voting recorded at the time of station openings have increased for the second round. A total of 28,270 mobile voting requests were registered, showing a notable rise from the 19,944 requests recorded during the first round, according to sample data at the time of PS opening.

Incidents Reported at the Opening of Polling Stations:

Incidents related to the failure to maintain order in the polling station and within a 100-meter radius.

Presence of advertising materials, displays, and electoral panels within the polling station vicinity (100 meters from the polling location) – 4 cases. It is essential to emphasize that the responsibility for the removal of such advertising materials rests with the Local Public Administration (LPA). This measure is designed to safeguard voters from external influences while they exercise their right to vote.

1. PS 07/055, Cahul, Slobozia Mare. Within 100 meters of the polling station, campaign materials promoting a presidential candidate are displayed. The flyer has not been removed.

1. SV 16/1, Edineț. Within a 100-meter radius of the polling station, campaign materials for a presidential candidate are displayed on a billboard. After notifying the president of the polling station’s electoral bureau, the materials were removed.

1. SV 15/005, Dubăsari, Coșnița. Within 100 meters of the polling station, campaign posters for a presidential candidate have not been removed. When queried by the Observer Team regarding the presence of these materials, the president of the polling station electoral bureau responded that this matter falls under police responsibility.
2. SV 07/54 Cahul, Roșu. Campaign materials for a presidential candidate were observed 40 meters from the polling station and have not been fully removed.

Electioneering or Negative PR within the 100-Meter Radius and/or Inside the Polling Station to Influence Voter Choice – 1 Case. On Election Day, all forms of electioneering or dissemination of negative information (negative PR) are strictly prohibited to ensure voters’ choices remain uninfluenced.

1. PS 01/131, Chișinău, Centru: A voter publicly voiced support for a presidential candidate. PEB’s members promptly requested that the voter refrain from influencing the choices of others.

Unauthorized presence within the polling station or within a 100-meter radius – 3 cases. This restriction is in place to uphold the integrity and transparency of the electoral process, ensuring it remains free from undue influence.

1. PS 30/26, Strășeni, Micăuți: At 06:35, during the preparatory activities for the opening of the polling station, a police representative was present inside for 30 minutes, including during the official opening. When the mobile observation team departed, the police representative was still inside the PS.
2. PS 08/08, Cantemir, Cania: Upon the opening of the PS, a police representative was observed inside. He later exited the PS.
3. PS 01/076, Chișinău, Buiucani: Between 07:00 and 07:15, a driver for the electoral bureau (PEB) was present inside the polling station. He was seated next to a representative of a competing candidate, and after a brief interaction, the driver left the PS.

Violations of Ballot Secrecy (photographing completed ballots, displaying the completed ballots; improper placement of ballots that allows visibility of voter choices) – 5 cases. Voters are prohibited from taking photos of their completed ballots, showing their ballots, and placing ballots in the ballot box in a manner that makes their voting choices visible.

1. PS 01/133, Chișinău, Centru: A voter was observed taking a photograph of themselves in front of the ballot box, with the ballot not properly folded, which compromised the secrecy of the vote. Regrettably, the PEB members did not intervene in this situation.
2. PS 01/223, Chișinău, Rîșcani: At 07:10, a voter photographed their ballot. The photo was deleted at the request of the PEB members.
3. PS 29/04, Soroca: At 07:20, an attempt was reported to photograph a ballot. No report was filed as the voter agreed to delete the photo from their phone.
4. PS 38/228, Republic of Turkey, Istanbul: A voter, while in the voting booth, took a picture of their ballot after casting their vote. This was noted by an observer and other PEB members, and the voter subsequently deleted the photo from their phone.
5. PS 01/093, Chișinău, Buiucani: A voter photographed their ballot. The PEB members did not take any action in response to this incident.

Restricted access for observers and obstruction of free observation in the polling station – 2 cases. It is imperative that observers can monitor the electoral process to uphold transparency and integrity.

1. PS 28/09, Sîngerei, Alexăndreni: An observer arrived at the polling station at 6:20 AM, where only three members were present. Access was denied by a police officer, as the PEB president was not present. It was only after the president arrived at 6:35 AM that the observer was granted entry.
2. PS 24/15, Orhei: Free observation was hindered due to the inability to see all voting booths, as the observer was positioned behind a column. The PEB president justified this limitation by stating that the room was too small.

Incidents related to vote influencing

Organized transport of voters (coaches, minibuses or other transport units that would not tipically be present around) – 1 case. Adhering to this prohibition is essential for maintaining the integrity of the electoral process.

1. PS 38/228, Republic of Turkey, Istanbul: At approximately 7:50 AM, a vehicle with Moldovan license plates (GRH 262) was observed within a 100-meter radius of the polling station. At least four voters exited this vehicle, which left the area immediately after they disembarked. These individuals then proceeded directly to the polling station to cast their votes.

Incidents related to the organization of voting

Ballot boxes were not sealed according to legal procedures/ broken/ damaged or missing seals on ballot boxes – 25 cases. According to existing legislation, ballot boxes must be secured with four seals to ensure the integrity of the electoral process.

1. PS 1/278, Chișinău, Bubuieci: PEB members sealed two ballot boxes with only three seals. The president explained that there were not enough seals, noting that three were designated for bags.
2. PS 1/210, Chișinău, Rîșcani: One ballot box was sealed with three seals, two boxes with two seals each, and the mobile ballot box was secured with just one seal.
3. PS 1/224, Chișinău, Rîșcani: One ballot box was sealed with three seals, another with two seals, and two seals were reserved for the mobile ballot box.
4. PS 1/144, Chișinău, Centru: One ballot box was sealed with only two seals. The president indicated that they did not have enough seals.
5. PS 04/22, Anenii Noi, Floreni: One stationary ballot box was sealed with only two seals. The president stated that they had not received additional seals.
6. PS 28/3, Sîngerei: At 06:55, it was reported that three stationary ballot boxes were sealed with only two seals each. The president did not provide a response.
7. PS 1/18, Chișinău, Botanica: One of the stationary ballot boxes had only three seals. The president mentioned that they had not received more seals.
8. PS 25/9, Orhei: The stationary ballot boxes each had three seals. The president stated that they had not received any additional seals.
9. PS 21/26, Ialoveni, Mileștii Mici: At 07:03, it was reported that three seals were applied to each stationary ballot box. The president noted that local authorities had provided only seven seals instead of nine.
10. PS 28/57, Sîngerei, Rădoaia: At 06:50, it was reported that out of the three ballot boxes present (two stationary and one mobile), only one stationary box and the mobile box were sealed. One stationary box remained unsealed, and the PEB president indicated that they did not have any seals.
11. PS 10/019, Căușeni, Cârnățeni: At 07:00, an observer noted that each of the two stationary ballot boxes had three seals. PEB members mentioned they only had a total of seven seals available: three for each stationary box and one for the mobile box.
12. PS 10/32, Căușeni, Hagimus: One stationary ballot box was sealed with only three seals. The PEB president stated that they had not received additional seals.
13. PS 1/223, Chișinău, Rîșcani: Three ballot boxes were sealed with only two seals each. The PEB president attributed the lack of seals to a shortage. The mobile ballot box was sealed properly with one seal.
14. PS 01/247, Chișinău, Codru: At 06:47, it was reported that stationary ballot boxes were sealed with three seals instead of the required four. The PEB president noted that they had not been provided with enough seals by the CEC.
15. PS 02/52, Bălți: At 06:56, it was reported that the sealing procedure for the stationary ballot boxes was not followed, with only two seals applied, despite having received enough seals.
16. PS 1/172, Chișinău, Ciocana: One of the ballot boxes was sealed with two seals, while the others were sealed properly.
17. PS 27/22, Rîșcani, Gălășeni: The mobile ballot box was not sealed before the polling station opened. The PEB president explained that it would be sealed before departing to the territory.
18. PS 34/24, Telenești, Inești: Since the opening of the PS, the stationary ballot box was sealed with only three seals. The PEB president indicated that they did not have more seals available.
19. PS 01/284, Chișinău, Ciorescu: The stationary ballot boxes were sealed with three seals each, as the PEB members stated that no additional seals were provided.
20. PS 36/12, UTAG, Comrat: The mobile ballot box was not sealed prior to the opening of the PS. The PEB president noted that there was still ample time before departing to the territory, during which it would be sealed.
21. PS 04/009, Anenii Noi, Bulboaca: The stationary ballot boxes were sealed with only three seals each.
22. PS 07/046, Cahul, Lebedenco: One of the stationary ballot boxes was not sealed properly, having only three seals.
23. PS 10/026, Căușeni, Fârlădeni: The stationary ballot boxes were sealed with only three seals each.
24. PS 1/158, Chișinău, Ciocana: The three ballot boxes were sealed with two seals each. The president attributed the lack of seals to a shortage. The mobile ballot box was sealed correctly with one seal.
25. PS 1/187, Chișinău, Ciocana: One ballot box was sealed with four seals, while the other two boxes were sealed with two seals each.

Inadequate storage of unallocated ballots, which were not kept in a secure safe or cabinet within the polling station – 2 cases. It is important to note that unallocated ballots must be stored in accordance with legal regulations to ensure the integrity and security of the electoral process.

1. SV 10/037, Căușeni, Săiți. The safe used for storing the ballots is located at the local mayor’s office, which is situated across the street from the polling station.
2. SV 38/193, Romania, Timișoara. The unallocated ballots are not stored in a safe or cabinet, as the room does not have a designated secure space for this purpose.

Interruption of the filming process for electoral operations throughout the voting day – 6 cases. Any disruption in filming can raise suspicions and undermine public confidence in the integrity of the elections.

1. PS 01/239, Chișinău, Rîșcani: By 07:30, the camera had not been set up to record the voting process, as it was reported that the memory card was full.
2. PS 08/09, Cantemir, Cania: Between 07:15 and 07:45, while the observers were present in the polling station, the video camera was not functioning. The PEB president was informed of the situation, but the issue was not resolved before the observers departed.
3. PS 20/48, Hîncești, Mirești: The video camera was not operational and failed to record the voting process. During the period from 07:00 to 07:30, while the observers were in the polling station, efforts were made to rectify the issue, but to no avail.
4. PS 01/043, Chișinău, Botanica: The video camera did not record the setup procedures for the polling station. It was only activated after the minutes were placed into the ballot box at 07:00.
5. PS 26/02, Rezina: At 06:39, PEB members noted that the video camera was not connected and had recorded nothing. The PEB president, aware of this issue, began sealing the ballot boxes. The recording started as the last seal was applied and continued from that point onward.
6. PS 01/160, Chișinău, Ciocana: The video camera was connected in the morning but was found to be out of battery at one point. By 07:52, it was connected again.

Unjustified suspension or interruption of voting at polling station – 7 cases. It should be noted that any interruption in the voting process must be justified and documented by the president of the polling station and reported to the competent authorities.

1. PS 01/032, Chișinău, Botanica: After the polling station opened, operators were unable to connect to the SAIS Elections system for approximately 10 minutes. During this time, the voting process was interrupted, and voters were required to wait for the issue to be resolved.
2. PS 01/101, Chișinău, Buiucani: Following the opening of the polling station, operators faced connectivity issues with the SAIS Elections system for about 5 minutes. This resulted in an interruption of the voting process as voters waited for the problem to be rectified.
3. PS 01/043, Chișinău, Botanica: After the polling station opened, operators were unable to connect to the SAIS Elections system for approximately 10 minutes. The voting process was interrupted, leading to voters waiting for the situation to be remedied.
4. PS 01/102, Chișinău, Buiucani: Between 07:03 and 07:06, operators were unable to connect to the SAIS Elections system. The voting process was consequently interrupted, with voters waiting for the problem to be resolved.
5. PS 01/111, Chișinău, Buiucani: From 07:00 to 07:08, operators faced difficulties connecting to the SAIS Elections system, leading to an interruption of the voting process during which voters awaited a resolution.
6. PS 01/080, Chișinău, Buiucani: Between 07:02 and 07:08, operators were unable to connect to the SAIS Elections system. This interruption caused voters to wait for the issue to be addressed.
7. PS 01/160, Chișinău, Ciocana: During the period from 07:00 to 07:05, operators could not connect to the SAIS Elections system, resulting in an interruption of the voting process as voters waited for the matter to be resolved.

Deficiencies in the operation of SAIS Elections (technical errors, voter registration issues, etc.) – 51 cases. When SAIS Elections becomes non-functional, it can lead to disruptions in the voter registration process for individuals who arrive to cast their votes. The system also plays a crucial role in preventing multiple voting.

1. PS PS 1/278, Chișinău, Bubuieci: At the opening of the PS, SAIS was non-functional. According to the observer, the system became functional at 7:06 AM.
2. PS 26/01, Rezina: Between 07:02 and 07:07, the internet connection was lost, which rendered SAIS Elections non-functional. One voter was registered on paper during this time. The connection was restored after this period.
3. PS 12/010, Criuleni, Cimișeni: At the opening of the PS, SAIS Elections was non-functional due to a lack of internet connectivity. Both computers were unable to connect, and after approximately 10 minutes, only one managed to connect.
4. PS 01/086, Chișinău, Buiucani: From 07:01 to 07:10, operators could not connect to SAIS Elections, resulting in voters being registered on paper.
5. PS 01/110, Chișinău, Buiucani: After the PS opened at 07:05, the internet connection was lost for about 10 minutes, causing SAIS Elections to be non-functional. This interruption affected the voting process, which resumed once the connection was restored.
6. PS 01/257, Chișinău, Durlești: At 7:08 AM, SAIS Elections was non-functional for 4 minutes. During this time, operators recorded the information of 2 voters on paper while others waited for the issue to be resolved.
7. PS 10/049, Căușeni, Zaim: As of the reporting time (7:04 AM), SAIS Elections was non-functional. Operators manually recorded voter information and permitted voters to cast their ballots.
8. PS 29/03, Soroca: Following the opening of the PS, SAIS Elections was inaccessible for 15 minutes. However, the voting process continued, and voter data was recorded on paper. SAIS Elections resumed functionality at 7:15 AM.
9. PS 29/10, Soroca: SAIS Elections experienced a non-functional period of three minutes between 07:06 and 07:09. During this time, voters arriving at the PS had to wait in line until the issue was resolved.
10. PS 01/032, Chișinău, Botanica: After the PS opened, operators were unable to connect to SAIS Elections for approximately 10 minutes. The voting process was interrupted, and voters were required to wait for the issue to be addressed.
11. PS 01/001, Chișinău, Botanica: After the PS opened, operators were unable to connect to SAIS Elections for 8 minutes. During this time, the 10 voters were registered on paper and allowed to vote.
12. PS 01/258, Chișinău, Durlești: Upon opening the PS at 07:00, SAIS operators noticed a lack of internet connection, rendering SAIS Elections non-functional for approximately 10 minutes after opening. The connection was restored, and SAIS began functioning.
13. PS 21/06, Ialoveni: At the opening of the PS, the internet connection for one SAIS operator was interrupted for about 6 minutes.
14. PS 02/19, Bălți: Upon opening the PS and the arrival of the first voters, SAIS “Elections” operators discovered that the informational system was non-functional. The PEB president contacted the programmers, and the issue was resolved in a few minutes. The system is now operational.
15. PS 36/05 UTAG, Comrat: Between 07:00 and 07:06, SAIS Elections was non-functional. However, the voting process continued, and voters were registered on paper.
16. PS 36/12 UTAG, Comrat: At the opening of the PS, operators lacked internet connection, making SAIS Elections non-functional. For one operator, the connection was restored at 07:07, while the second operator regained connection 7 minutes later. During this time, voters were registered on paper.
17. PS 01/299, Chișinău, Trușeni: At the PS opening at 07:00, operators were unable to access the voter registration program for a few minutes. Two voters were registered on paper.
18. PS 01/301, Chișinău, Trușeni: Upon opening the PS, SAIS operators could not connect to SAIS Elections due to connectivity issues. After several attempts, the connection was restored in about 7 minutes, while voters waited in line.
19. PS 01/304, Chișinău, Condrița: SAIS Elections was non-functional at opening, but after a few minutes, operators managed to connect for 5 minutes. Voters were required to wait in line.
20. PS 24/03, Ocnița: Since the PS opened, operators lacked internet access. After resetting the equipment, one operator was able to connect to SAIS Elections, while the second operator could not connect until 07:20.
21. PS 24/28, Ocnița, Mihălășeni: At 07:14, it was reported that since the election process began, only three individuals could be registered to vote via SAIS “Elections.” The issue with SAIS “Elections” has not yet been resolved (work is ongoing), and voters are asked to wait at the entrance. The problem persisted until 07:45.
22. PS 06/018, Briceni, Corjeuți: Between 07:05 and 07:10, the internet was non-functional, preventing access to SAIS Elections. Voters waited until the issue was resolved.
23. PS 01/101, Chișinău, Buiucani: After the PS opened, operators were unable to connect to SAIS Elections for 5 minutes. During this period, voters waited for the issue to be resolved.
24. PS 31/07, Șoldănești, Climăuții de Jos: At 07:00, it was reported that SAIS “Elections” was non-functional from the opening of the PS until 07:13. Technical deficiencies were attributed to internet issues. The PEB president contacted technical support, who provided steps to resolve the issue. After repeated restarts of SAIS “Elections,” the system began functioning. Voters waited for the technical issue to be resolved before voting.
25. PS 07/021, Cahul, Baurci-Moldoveni: At 07:00, both computers operated by Moldtelecom experienced an internet outage, after which the connection was restored through a Moldcell SIM card. The Moldtelecom internet connection returned after 6 minutes, and voters were required to wait in line.
26. PS 24/01, Ocnița: From the opening of the PS, SAIS Elections was non-functional for approximately 5 minutes. The issue was resolved after resetting the equipment.
27. PS 28/27, Sîngerei, Copăceni: At 07:20, it was reported that SAIS “Elections” was non-functional for 3-4 minutes. Voters awaited the resolution of the issues. After contacting the district official, the system’s functionality was restored, and voting resumed.
28. PS 23/15, Nisporeni, Brătuleni: At 07:00, it was reported that the internet was non-functional within the PS, and thus SAIS “Elections” was also non-functional. The problem was resolved in 5 minutes, and during that time, there were no voters present.
29. PS 32/08, Ștefan Vodă, Carahasani: At 07:00, it was reported that SAIS “Elections” was non-functional from the opening of the PS until 07:07. SAIS “Elections” operators recorded the arriving voters on paper, and the voting process was not interrupted.
30. PS 11/030, Cimișlia, Ivanovca Nouă: Immediately after opening, the internet connection was lost for about 4 minutes before being restored.
31. PS 16/47, Edineț, Tîrnova: At 07:00, upon the arrival of the first voter, it was discovered that SAIS was non-functional. The first two voters were registered on paper and allowed to vote. The PEB president intervened to resolve the issue by contacting the responsible parties. The problem was resolved around 07:15.
32. PS 16/23, Edineț, Ruseni: From the opening of the PS, both computers designated for SAIS use were non-functional. The problem was detected when the first voter approached the SAIS operator. At 07:10, one of the computers was connected to SAIS Elections, allowing for partial resumption of voter registration. However, the second computer remained unconnected.
33. PS 01/043, Chișinău, Botanica: After the PS opened, operators were unable to connect to SAIS Elections for 10 minutes.
34. PS 20/02, Hîncești: At 07:01, it was reported that upon opening the PS, the first voters could not be registered. The PEB president communicated that SAIS “Elections” had operational deficiencies. The system’s functionality was restored at 07:12. By that time, 6 voters were present. The voters present during the malfunction were registered on paper and then entered into the SAIS “Elections” system.
35. PS 11/025, Cimișlia, Gura Galbenei: Between 07:07 and 07:13, there were deficiencies in the operation of SAIS. During this time, voters waited in line until the problem was resolved.
36. PS 01/104, Chișinău, Buiucani: After the PS opened, one of the operators was unable to connect to SAIS Elections for approximately 10 minutes.
37. PS 28/17, Sîngerei, Bilicenii Vechi: From 07:00 to 07:05, there were deficiencies with SAIS “Elections.” During this time, voters waited until the problem was resolved.
38. PS 13/002, Dondușeni: At the opening of the PS at 07:00, one SAIS operator lacked internet access. The PEB president intervened to resolve the situation, and the issue was fixed by 07:11.
39. PS 29/24, Soroca, Cosăuți: At 07:01, it was reported that following the declaration of the PS opening, there were some deficiencies with SAIS “Elections,” causing it to freeze for 5-7 minutes. The problem was subsequently resolved.
40. PS 14/031, Drochia, Pelinia: At 07:08, the PEB president was observed discussing the unavailability of the system with a SAIS operator at that moment. Following this situation, attempts were made to restore the program. By 07:16, the process resumed.
41. PS 14/038, Drochia, Sofia: Upon opening, SAIS was non-functional for about 10 minutes between 07:00 and 07:10.
42. PS 01/102, Chișinău, Buiucani: Between 07:03 and 07:06, operators were unable to connect to SAIS Elections.
43. PS 01/035, Chișinău, Botanica: Between 07:07 and 07:15, operators were unable to connect to SAIS Elections.
44. PS 02/31, Bălți: At 07:08, the system was reported as non-functional, but functionality was restored 10 minutes later.
45. PS 01/293, Chișinău, Trușeni: At 07:00, SAIS “Elections” operators were unable to access the voter registration program.
46. PS 01/292, Chișinău, Trușeni: At 07:00, SAIS was reported as non-functional until 07:10. During this time, voters were registered on paper.
47. PS 01/289, Chișinău, Trușeni: SAIS was reported as non-functional upon opening. The issue was resolved after 5 minutes, during which voters were registered on paper.
48. PS 14/26, Drochia, Băhrinești: Upon the opening of the PS, the internet connection was lost for 5 minutes.
49. PS 13/09, Edineț: Upon the opening of the PS, it was reported that SAIS “Elections” was non-functional from 07:00 until 07:10.
50. PS 01/160, Chișinău, Ciocana: Between 07:00 and 07:05, operators were unable to connect to SAIS Elections.
51. PS 29/50, Soroca, Rublenița: From 07:01 to 07:05, there were deficiencies in the functioning of SAIS “Elections.” This issue arose upon the arrival of the first voter. The system was restarted and subsequently functioned normally. Voters present during this time had to wait.

Irregularities in the electoral lists – 2 cases.

1. PS 30/06, Strășeni: At 07:33, a voter arrived at the PS. Upon verification by the operator of SAIS “Elections,” it was found that the voter was listed without a registered residence. The voter’s identification document indicated the address associated with the electoral bureau (PEB) where they presented themselves. The PEB secretary recorded the voter in the supplemental list.
2. PS 16/3, Edineț: At 07:58, a voter presented themselves at the PS but was not registered in the electoral lists, as discrepancies were identified between the addresses. The PEB secretary registered the voter in the supplemental list of voters.

Notice: Promo-LEX has established an email address and a phone number for citizens to report any irregularities in the electoral process. If you have observed any unusual occurrences, we strongly encourage you to contact us at [email protected] or by telephone at 068 43 83 23, which is also accessible via Viber, Telegram, and WhatsApp.

The release is prepared within the framework of the Presidential Election and Constitutional Referendum Observation Mission of October 20, 2024, conducted by the Promo-LEX Association, with financial support from the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), the European Union, the German Marshall Fund of the United States, the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the International Organization of La Francophonie, and the Soros Foundation Moldova. The observation mission is carried out under the aegis of the Civic Coalition for Free and Fair Elections.

The opinions expressed in the public statements of the Promo-LEX Observation Mission belong to the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the funders or partners. The content of this document may be subject to editorial revisions.